Teutonic sergeants and militia for th century baltic crusades. The northern crusades cannot be cast as either a purely political expansion of territorial borders, or a purely religious expansion of the word of god. Id recommend the book as a cheap little overview, with colour. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms. The baltic crusades and european paganisms last stand. The era officially began in 1147, when the saxons, danes, and poles.
By the time of martin luthers death in 1546, lutheranism had been fully. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 by david lindholm. The scandinavian baltic crusades, 11th15th centuries. Review the volume provides a stimulating and accessible survey of the danish involvement in the baltic crusades and will be useful to students and scholars interested in the history. He was raised on the shores of the baltic sea and i think it nicely depicts the difficulty of establishing churches in pagan lands prior to the baltic crusades. Read the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 pdf by david lindholm osprey publishing wielding their swords in the name of their. The northern crusades or baltic crusades were christian colonization and christianization campaigns undertaken by catholic christian military orders and kingdoms, primarily against the pagan baltic, finnic and west slavic peoples around the southern and eastern shores of the baltic sea, and to a lesser extent also against orthodox christian slavs. Hello again, and welcome to a whole new series of the crusades. Aug 03, 2017 the eastern baltic was unlike any other region where rome sanctioned crusade. German merchants, students and missionaries introduced lutheran doctrines to scandinavia, where german influence had been strong, and where there was some receptivity to these new doctrines. Pdf women and children as victims of the baltic crusades.
The era officially began in 1147, when the saxons, danes, and poles, responding to pope eugene iiis call, initiated a crusade against the wends of the southern baltic. The text was a result of a series of lectures we gave at the renvall institute at helsinki university in january and february 2000 as part of an ongoing project on the role of denmark in the crusades which in 2004 produced a monograph on the subject. The popes and the baltic crusades examines the formulation of papal policy on the crusades and missions in the baltic region in the central middle ages and analyses why and how the crusade concept was extended from the holy land to the baltic region. From isolated castles built in this bleak wilderness of. This book gives an informative examination of perhaps the most ignored period of the crusades. The crusades in palestine will be familiar to many but those in the baltic are much less widely remembered today. The baltic crusades were a series of military campaigns commencing in 1147 and ending in 1505, targeting the pagans living in the baltic region. But there were another crusades going on in same time in north eastern europe the baltic crusades. The norwegian crusade, led by norwegian king sigurd i, was a crusade or a pilgrimage sources differ that lasted from 1107 to 1111, in the aftermath of the first crusade. Newly revised in the light of the recent developments in baltic and northern medieval research, this authoritative overview provides a balanced and compelling account of a tumultuous era.
The wendish crusade iii in the shadow of the crusade this bleak painting is by 19th century german artist caspar david friedrich. These crusades were generally conducted by german and danish nobles with occasional assistance from sweden instead of contingents from england and france. This book describes and illustrates the armour, weapons, fortifications and ships of one of the leastknown phases of the medieval crusades the expeditions by scandinavian catholics against the pagan peoples to the east of the baltic sea, and their subsequent clashes with the eastern orthodox russian princes of novgorod and muscovy. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 book by david. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 wielding their swords in the name of their faith, the crusaders originally set out to reclaim jerusalem and its surrounding territory in the middle east. Ebook ebook free the scandinavian baltic crusades 1100. William was present in livonia in 122526 and in the baltic at various points in the next decade. Prisoners of war in the baltic in the xiixiii centuries. The beginnings of the northern crusades around 1100 heralded the end of the. After the launch of the second crusade, the pope offered the same spiritual incentives against pagan wends in the southern baltic region, and danes joined in the wendish crusade. Kazhdan, alexander, latins and franks in byzantium. Gregorys successor, innocent iv 124354 largely continued gregorys policies. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 david lindholm by. The nearest the baltic states can come to a collective narrative is to mythologize the balts as the idealized victims of the common western enemy during the crusades, or, as anatol lieven paints the scenario, an idyllic community of hunterssuddenly attacked by alien warriors in black armour, who outmatch them in weaponry, ferocity and.
Denmark, scandinavia, kingdom of poland, and the holy roman empire. Introduction 3 definitions of a crusade participants in the baltic crusades the baltic at the time of the crusades chronology 7 the armies 9 equipment of the scandinavian crusaders 11 d the difficulties of interpreting sources 11000. Nov 24, 2016 i fonnesbergschmidt, the popes and the baltic crusades 11471254 brill, 2007 friedrich heer, the medieval world europe from 1100 to 50 phoenix giant, 1998 diarmaid macculloch, a history. Conquest, conversion, and heathen customs in henry of. Discover a lot more encounters as well as understanding by checking out the ebook entitled the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms, by david lindholm, david nicolle this is a publication that you are seeking, isnt it. This book describes and illustrates the armour, weapons, fortifications and ships of one of the leastknown phases of the medieval crusades the expeditions by scandinavian catholics against the pagan peoples to the east of the baltic sea, and their subsequent clashes with the eastern orthodox russian princes of. The baltic crusades started in the early 12th century, not as a planned and proclaimed holy war but only a general expansionist movement, as denmark and various german states moved aggressively into the lands of the pagan, slavic wends whats now the baltic coast of germany. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 has 1 available editions to buy at half price books marketplace.
Crusade and conversion on the baltic frontier, 11501500. Popes and the baltic crusades, 11471254 the english. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms pdf. Communicating crusades and crusading communications in the baltic region. For this concise history of the crusades, i follow in many respects the. David lindholm, david nicolle the scandinavian baltic crusades. Ive got maa 436, the scandinvian baltic crusades 11001500. Pdf communicating crusades and crusading communications in. David lindholm, david nicolle the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 free download as pdf file. This article discusses the use of the cult of the holy king in the context of the baltic crusades at the end of the 12th century and in the early th. The baltic crusades differed from those in the holy lands in that these were more territorial disputes between those rulers in the scandinavian lands and their pagan neighbours in what is now finland and the baltic states. Teutonic order, despite its success through the baltic crusades, would. The thirteenth century baltic crusades targeting the regions of livonia and estonia must be understood as prolonged missionary wars. This was followed by crusades against the livonians, estonians, finns, prussians, and lithuanians.
Jan 01, 2001 the subjects treated range from discussions of the ideology and practice of crusade and conversion, through studies of the motivation of the crusading countries denmark, sweden and germany and the effects of the crusades on the countries of the eastern baltic coast finland, estonia, livonia, prussia and lithuania, to analyses of the. The northern or baltic crusades were military campaigns organised by popes and western rulers to convert pagans to christianity in the 12th to 15th century. Pdf communicating crusades and crusading communications. Pdf women and children as victims of the baltic crusades a. For the interested student, that will require reading many more books than just one general survey. When there is a talk about the crusades, people usually think only of the wars against the muslims in the holy land in the 11th through th centuries. Northern crusades russias peripheryrussias periphery.
Pdf the thirteenth century baltic crusades targeting the regions of livonia and estonia must be understood as prolonged missionary wars. The northern crusades or baltic crusades were christian colonization and christianization campaigns undertaken by catholic christian military orders and kingdoms, primarily against the pagan baltic, finnic and west slavic peoples around the southern and eastern shores of the baltic sea, and to a lesser extent also against orthodox christian slavs the most notable campaigns were the. The protestant reformation which martin luther initiated in germany of 1517, spread like wildfire across europe. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms lindholm, david, nicolle, david, mcbride, angus on. Perception and reality from the eleventh to the twelfth century from the crusades from the perspective of byzantium and the muslim world 2001 pdf file added. The plates are by angus mcbride, and give some idea as to heraldry. The scandinavian and baltic crusades 11001500 illustrated by angus mcbride obit. Although the baltic crusades occurred in many different. Tmp osprey books for crusades in east baltics topic.
Yes, its time to leave sunny southern france, put on our coats and wooly hats, and head north to investigate a series of military campaigns which occurred predominantly in the baltic states. Jun 06, 2019 the bestknown aspect of the baltic crusades, is the century long war against the lithuanians, ending in 1410 with the defeat of the teutonic order at tannenberg. Teutonic knights along the eastern coast of the baltic sea. Aug 09, 2018 read the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 pdf by david lindholm osprey publishing wielding their swords in the name of their faith, the crusaders originally set out to reclaim.
It has an overview of the history, description of the armies, and the arms and armour used, some notes on strategy and tactics, and fortifications. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11th15th centuries. Probably because the real meaning of crusades was forced expansion and subsequent occupation of baltic lands and not the bringing of light and culture to the pagan low lifes. The eastern baltic was unlike any other region where rome sanctioned crusade. The baltic crusades 11001500 it is hard to imagine that denmark, norway and sweden were not only major contributors but led their own crusades. Highlighting the interplay between canon law, missionary ideas and politics, it shows how papal policy on the campaigns against the pagan peoples of northeastern europe developed from pope eugenius iiis proclamation of a crusade against the slavs in 1147 to the end of. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 by david. Join me as we take a look at one of the lesserknown series of crusades. The subsequent scandinavian campaigns laid the foundations of modern baltic society by destroying pagan rural farming settlements, and establishing fortified christian towns and major castles. Unlike the crusades in the holy lands, the baltic crusades were.
The popes and the baltic crusades, 11471254 fonnesberg. The albigensian crusade 120829 aimed to root out the heretical cathari or albigensian sect of christianity in france, while the baltic crusades. The scandinavian baltic crusades, 11001500 book, 2007. Both the text and the plates detail the appearance and tactics of the danes, swedes, finns, and teutonic order, and their typically pagan slavic and lithuanian enemies. Birger magnusson, king of sweden 1290 to 18, stated in a letter of 4 march 1295 that the motive of the crusade was longtime banditry and looting in the baltic sea region by karelians, and the fact that they had taken swedes and other travellers as captives and then tortured them. In this article, were covering the baltic crusades, and european paganisms last, best stand against christianity. The scandinavian baltic crusades 1100 1500 by david nicolle.
As with the majority of crusades, the prospective acquisition of land and power was the one of the key driving forces behind these bloody military. For the general reader just beginning to discover there is more to the crusades than kingdom of heaven, this book provides a useful introduction. Gregory also involved the dominican and franciscan friars in preaching the prussian crusade, which significantly enhanced recruitment for the northern crusades. Constable, giles, the historiography of the crusades from the crusades from the perspective of byzantium and the muslim world 2001 pdf file added september 5, 2002 cowdrey, h. They were primarily undertaken by christian military orders and the kingdoms that were against the slavic, pagan baltic, and finnic people who lived around the eastern and southern shores of the baltic sea. The albigensian crusade 120829 aimed to root out the heretical cathari or albigensian sect of christianity in france, while the baltic crusades 121125 sought to subdue pagans in transylvania. Jan 20, 2014 ebook free the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms, by david lindholm, david nicolle. The two populations were in some respects part of a similar cultural landscape. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 david lindholm. Communicating crusades and crusading communications in the.
The popes and the baltic crusades, 11471254 fonnesbergschmidt, i. Unlike the crusades in the holy lands, the baltic crusades were implemented in order to combat the pagan tribes in the baltic. Increasingly, however, eastern europe and the last remaining bastions of pagan europe became the targets of their religious zeal. The territories under pagan control acted as a nonchristian buffer between western and eastern christianity and, while the. Lind has written extensively on the baltic crusades and on relations between scandinavia, finland and russia from the viking age up to modern times.
Yet after the first crusade those in the holy land were failures and the christian position quickly deteriorated, whereas the northern crusades promised much better prospects and had much more permanent consequences. Ebook free the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms, by david lindholm, david nicolle. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 crusades the expeditions by scandinavian catholics against the pagan peoples to the east of the baltic sea, and their subsequent clashes with the eastern orthodox russian princes of novgorod and muscovy. Gregory also backed the efforts of scandinavian rulers to expand their conquests in finland and estonia. Jun 05, 2017 the northern crusades, also known as the baltic crusades, were religious wars experienced between the 12th and th centuries. The topic about crusades against baltic people is still very poorly presented by the european history. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 menatarms david lindholm, david nicolle wielding their swords in the name of their faith, the crusaders originally set out to reclaim jerusalem and its surrounding territory in the middle east. Essential readings, edited by thomas madden 2002 pdf file added september, 2002. On his activities and their relationship to papal policies in livonia, see fonnesbergschmidt, popes and the baltic crusades, pp. The mostly german and danish crusading powers the aimed at. The baltic crusades and european paganism s last stand against christianity. While scandinavians did contribute to the crusades in the middle east, it is in the baltic area their main efforts were found.
The teutonic order and the baltic crusades digital commons. The scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 osprey publishing. The popes and the baltic crusades examines the extension of the crusading idea from the holy land to the baltic region. The baltic crusades of 11 th to 15 th century formed the transformation of the baltic region from pagan farming peasants paying tribute to which lord prevailed to rule them, to the christianized, marketoriental, foundation of modern baltic society the rise and fall of the knighthood became indicative of the changes that occurred.
The scandinavian baltic crusades 1100a1500 free ebooks. The norwegian crusade marks the first time a european king personally went to the holy land. Feb 27, 2007 the subsequent scandinavian campaigns laid the foundations of modern baltic society by destroying pagan rural farming settlements, and establishing fortified christian towns and major castles. The northern or baltic crusades were military campaigns organised by popes and western rulers to convert pagans to christianity in the 12th to 15th century ce. The baltic crusades started in the early 12th century, not as a planned and proclaimed holy war but only a general expansionist movement, as denmark and various german states moved aggressively into the lands of the pagan, slavic. The baltic crusades started during the second crusade 11471149, but continued into. Read the scandinavian baltic crusades 11001500 pdf by david lindholm osprey publishing wielding their swords in the name of their faith, the crusaders originally set out to reclaim.